Internationalization of Global South Universities (GSU) and global challenges from the perspective of organizational ecology

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5585/2025.28096

Keywords:

internationalization, universities, Global South, organizational ecology, global challenges

Abstract

Purpose: This article explores the internationalization of universities in the Global South by analyzing those institutions' dependence on the standards of the Global North. The goal is to propose an internationalization model based on organizational ecology, which enables a balance between internationalization strategies and the strengthening of institutional capacities to promote sustainability and inclusion. Design/Methodology/Approach: A sequential mixed methods approach is employed, which combines a systematic literature review, social network analysis, and 35 interviews with experts from Ibero-American universities. This innovative methodological approach integrates qualitative and quantitative methods, which enriches the understanding of institutional interactions and the global challenges faced by universities in the Global South. Findings: The research proposes a six-step interconnected model for promoting equity and sustainability in the internationalization process of universities. This model encourages the formation of resilience networks and the adaptation to global and regional demands, focusing on developing local capacities and social inclusion. The results are organized into three categories: Emerging Global Engagement, Structural and Innovative Expansion, and Sustainable and Inclusive Convergence, which offers a new path to reduce academic dependence and strengthen institutional autonomy. Originality: The study presents unique and innovative theoretical and methodological contributions by systematizing internationalization into categories that emphasize the strengthening of autonomy and sustainability in universities in the Global South. The proposed model provides a practical basis for addressing structural inequalities, limited access to technology, and critical challenges for sustainable development, enabling these universities to provide active contributions in the international arena.

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Author Biographies

José Jassuipe da Silva Morais, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

Postdoctoral Fellow in Educational Sciences at the University of Coimbra (2016), CAPES Scholarship Holder, and Ph.D. in Education from UFPB (2011). Master in Accounting Sciences from Fundação Visconde de Cairu (2004), Specialist in Pedagogy (1999), and Bachelor in Accounting Sciences (1992). Served as Head of the Department of Applied Social Sciences – DCSA/CCAE (2019–2022), Coordinator of the Undergraduate Program in Accounting Sciences at UFPB/Litoral Norte (2006–2019), and evaluator of undergraduate programs and higher education institutions for the Brazilian Ministry of Education (MEC). Carried out activities as a CNPq Scholarship Holder in the Senior Overseas Technological Development and Innovation modality at the University of Coimbra (2025).

Currently, he is Deputy Coordinator of the Graduate Program in Public Policies, Management, and Evaluation of Education (PPGAVE/UFPB), University Professor for 32 years, permanent faculty member of PPGAVE (Professional) and PPGE (Academic) at UFPB, and lecturer in the Undergraduate Program at DCSA/CCAE. He coordinates the ALF LAB – Expanding Frontiers Laboratory, leads the GHEC – Research Group on History, Education and Controls, and coordinates a Universal Project funded by CNPq (2022–2025). Senior Postdoctoral Fellow at CNPq (2024–2026), Process PDS 177048/2023-9, at PPGA/UNINOVE.

Priscila Rezende da Costa, Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing - ESPM, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

PhD in Business Administration from FEA-USP (2012), Master’s degree from FEA-RP USP (2007), and Bachelor’s degree from UFLA (2005). She is a Full Professor at ESPM, working in the Graduate Program in Business Administration (Master’s, Doctorate, and Postdoctoral levels), and serves as coordinator of both the ICT and NIT at ESPM. She also teaches in the Information Systems and International Relations programs. Editor-in-chief of Internext and scientific editor of IJI, she collaborates with several international journals. She is a member of ANPAD and IFM committees, leads conference tracks, and coordinates research projects funded by CAPES, CNPq, FAPESP, as well as an international project on social entrepreneurship in Latin America.

Camila Naves Arantes, Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

PhD in Business Administration (UNINOVE) with a research exchange at Dublin City University. Master’s in Technological Innovation (UFTM) and currently pursuing an MBA in Digital Transformation Management at USP. Lawyer specialized in Intellectual Property and Digital Law. Partner at Sabiá Intellectual Property and Research Collaborator at UFABC. Former coordinator of the UFTM Innovation Agency (2019–2023). Active in research projects funded by FAPESP, CNPq, FAPEMIG, and CAPES, with over BRL 500,000 in grants secured. Editorial board member of the International Journal of Innovation and reviewer for RBCTI and IPTEC. Recipient of academic awards such as Best Paper at X SINGEP and first place at XII EGEPE. Holds international certifications in innovation management, technology transfer, and digital law.

Celise Marson, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

PhD Candidate in Business Administration (2025), Master’s in Business Administration (2024 – UNINOVE), MBA in Strategic Management and Market Intelligence (2021 – UNINOVE), Specialization in Business Management (2009 – UNINOVE), Bachelor’s Degree in Data Science (2024 – UNINOVE), and Bachelor’s Degree in Library Science (2003 – UNESP). Currently, she serves as the head librarian of the Osasco campus (UNINOVE) and also works in the Graduate Program in Law (Stricto Sensu) at UNINOVE.

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26.09.2025

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Morais, J. J. da S., Costa, P. R. da, Arantes, C. N., & Marson, C. (2025). Internationalization of Global South Universities (GSU) and global challenges from the perspective of organizational ecology. Revista Ibero-Americana De Estratégia, 24(4), e28096. https://doi.org/10.5585/2025.28096

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Vol. 24 No. 4 (2025): Sept./Dec.

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