Rotinização em métodos ágeis: emergência e mudanças de rotinas em equipes Scrum

Francis Berenger; Sandra Regina da Rocha-Pinto

doi:10.5585/gep.v13i2.22311

Authors

Francis Berenger Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro – PUC-Rio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6727-5805
Sandra Regina da Rocha-Pinto Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro – PUC-Rio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5121-4231

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5585/gep.v13i2.22311

Keywords:

Routine emergence, Routine dynamics, Collective competences

Abstract

New approaches to designing practices/routines exploit distributed and flexible forms of organizing, including agile and open organizations. Based on this context, this article aims to contribute to advancing the understanding of how routines emerge and change in software projects managed by the agile Scrum method. In this sense, the phenomenography method was chosen as a qualitative instrument given its ability to capture distributed data based on individual experiences, thus making it possible to broaden investigations from a practice perspective. The interviews were carried out, from July 2018 to April 2019, with professionals involved in software projects that used the Scrum method. Results revealed that the emergence of routines is related to collective competencies that are learned by the team during the project life cycle, thus supporting the need for continuous adaptability of management routines throughout the project. This perspective introduces collective competences of enacting a routine as an underlying aspect of the phenomenon of emergence of routines.

Author Biography

Sandra Regina da Rocha-Pinto, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro – PUC-Rio

Bacharel em Ciências Econômicas pela Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Pós-graduada em Administração Financeira pela FGV-RJ, Mestre em Administração de Empresas pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro e Doutora em Ciências Humanas - Educação - pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro.

References

Adler, P. S., Goldoftas, B., & Levine, D. I. (1999). Flexibility versus efficiency? A case study of model changeovers in the Toyota production system. Organization science, 10(1), 43-68. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.10.1.43

Agile Manifesto (2001). Retrieved from http://agilemanifesto.org.

Bapuji, H., Hora, M., & Saeed, A. M. (2012). Intentions, intermediaries, and interaction: Examining the emergence of routines. Journal of Management Studies, 49(8), 1586-1607. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01063.x

Bertels, S., Howard-Grenville, J., & Pek, S. (2016). Cultural molding, shielding, and shoring at Oilco: The role of culture in the integration of routines. Organization Science, 27(3), 573-593. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2016.1052

Bonotto, F., & Bitencourt, C. C. (2006). Os elementos das competências coletivas em grupos de trabalho-a experiência da Copesul. XXX Encontro Anual da ANPAD. Salvador: ANPAD.

Bowden, J. (2005). Reflections on the phenomenographic team research process. Doing developmental phenomenography, 11.

Bowden, J. A., & Walsh, E. (Eds.). (2000). Phenomenography. RMIT University Press.

Chiu, Y. T., Guo, Z. T., Zhu, Y. Q., & Chen, H. G. (2018). Achieving ISD Agility: Routines and Microfoundations. https://aisel.aisnet.org/irwitpm2018/4

Cervone, H. F. (2011). Understanding agile project management methods using Scrum. OCLC Systems & Services: International digital library perspectives.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650751111106528

Cohen, M. D., & Bacdayan, P. (1994). Organizational routines are stored as procedural memory: Evidence from a laboratory study. Organization science, 5(4), 554-568. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.5.4.554

Cohen, M. D. (2007). Reading Dewey: Reflections on the study of routine. Organization studies, 28(5), 773-786. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840606077620

Cohendet, P. S., & Simon, L. O. (2016). Always playable: Recombining routines for creative efficiency at Ubisoft Montreal’s video game studio. Organization Science, 27(3), 614-632. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2016.1062

Cooren, F., Taylor, J. R., & Van Every, E. J. (2006). Communication as organizing: Empirical and theoretical explorations in the dynamic of text and conversation. Mahway,

NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

D’adderio, L. (2001). Crafting the virtual prototype: how firms integrate knowledge and capabilities across organisational boundaries. Research Policy, 30(9), 1409-1424. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(01)00159-7

D’adderio, L. (2008). The performativity of routines: Theorising the influence of artefacts and distributed agencies on routines dynamics. Research policy, 37(5), 769-789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2007.12.012

D’adderio, L. (2011). Artifacts at the centre of routines: Performing the material turn in routines theory. Journal of institutional economics, 7(2), 197-230. https://doi.org/10.1017/S174413741000024X

Danner-Schröder, A., & Geiger, D. (2016). Unravelling the motor of patterning work: Toward an understanding of the microlevel dynamics of standardization and flexibility. Organization Science, 27(3), 633-658. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2016.1055

Dingsøyr, T., Nerur, S., Balijepally, V., & Moe, N. B. (2012). A decade of agile methodologies: Towards explaining agile software development. Journal of systems and software, 85(6), 1213-1221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2012.02.033

Dönmez, D., Grote, G., & Brusoni, S. (2016). Routine interdependencies as a source of stability and flexibility. A study of agile software development teams. Information and Organization, 26(3), 63-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoandorg.2016.07.001

Donohue J.J. (2005), Modern educational theories and traditional martial arts training methods, Journal of Asian Martial Arts, 14(2).

Edmondson, A. C., Bohmer, R. M., & Pisano G. P. (2001). Disrupted routines: Team learning and new technology implementation in hospitals. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46 (4), 685–716. https://doi.org/10.2307/3094828

Feldman, M. S. (2000). Organizational routines as a source of continuous change. Organization science, 11(6), 611-629. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.11.6.611.12529

Feldman, M. S. (2003). A performative perspective on stability and change in organizational routines. Industrial and corporate change, 12(4), 727-752. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/12.4.727

Feldman, M. S., & Pentland, B. T. (2003). Reconceptualizing organizational routines as a source of flexibility and change. Administrative science quarterly, 48(1), 94-118. https://doi.org/10.2307/3556620

Feldman, M. S., Pentland, B. T., D’Adderio, L., & Lazaric, N. (2016). Beyond routines as things: Introduction to the special issue on routine dynamics. Organization science, 27(3), 505-513.https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2016.1070

Feldman, M. S., & Orlikowski, W. J. (2011). Theorizing practice and practicing theory. Organization science, 22(5), 1240-1253. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1100.0612

Felin, T., & Foss, N. J. (2012). The (proper) microfoundations of routines and capabilities: a response to Winter, Pentland, Hodgson and Knudsen. Journal of Institutional Economics, 8(2), 271-288. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744137411000506

Gherardi, S. (2011). Organizational learning: The sociology of practice. Handbook of organizational learning and knowledge management, 2(1), 43-65.

Glaser, V. L. (2017). Design performances: How organizations inscribe artifacts to change routines. Academy of management journal, 60(6), 2126-2154. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2014.0842

Gustavsson, T. (2019). Dynamics of inter-team coordination routines in large-scale agile software development. https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2019_rp/40

Hærem, T., Pentland, B. T., & Miller, K. D. (2015). Task complexity: Extending a core concept. Academy of Management Review, 40(3), 446-460. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2013.0350

Howard-Grenville, J. A., & Rerup C. (2017). A process perspective on organizational routines.’ In A. Langley and H. Tsoukas (eds.), Handbook of Process Organizational Studies: 323–339. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Johnson, J. A. (2017). From technique to way: an investigation into taekwondo’s pedagogical process. Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology, 17(4), 3-13. https://10.14589/ido.17.4.2

Kang Y.W., & Kim Y.S. (2005), Interpretation of Yaburu-Habu- ru-Hanareru in Oriental Martial arts, Korean Journal of Physical Education – Humanities and Social Sciences, 44(2),39-49.

Le Boterf, G. (2003). Desenvolvendo a Competência dos Profissionais. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 37-92.

Marton, F. (1981). Phenomenography—describing conceptions of the world around us. Instructional science, 10(2), 177-200. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00132516

Marton, F., & Booth, S. (2013). Learning and awareness. Routledge.

Marton, F., & Pong, W. Y. (2005). On the unit of description in phenomenography. Higher education research & development, 24(4), 335-348. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360500284706

Orlikowski, W. J. (2007). Sociomaterial practices: Exploring technology at work. Organization studies, 28(9), 1435-1448. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840607081138

Parmigiani, A., & Howard-Grenville, J. (2011). Routines revisited: Exploring the capabilities and practice perspectives. Academy of Management annals, 5(1), 413-453. https://doi.org/10.5465/19416520.2011.589143

Pentland, B. T. (2011). The foundation is solid, if you know where to look: comment on Felin and Foss. Journal of Institutional Economics, 7(2), 279-293. https://doi.org/10.1017/S174413741000041X

Pentland, B. T., & Feldman, M. S. (2005). Organizational routines as a unit of analysis. Industrial and corporate change, 14(5), 793-815. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dth070

Pentland, B. T., & Feldman, M. S. (2008). Designing routines: On the folly of designing artifacts, while hoping for patterns of action. Information and organization, 18(4), 235-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoandorg.2008.08.001

Pentland, B. T., Feldman, M. S., Becker, M. C., & Liu, P. (2012). Dynamics of organizational routines: A generative model. Journal of Management Studies, 49(8), 1484-1508. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01064.x

Pentland, B. T., & Rueter, H. H. (1994). Organizational routines as grammars of action. Administrative science quarterly, 484-510. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393300

Ritter, F., Danner-Schröder, A., & Müller-Seitz, G. (2021). Rethinking the agility puzzle–Toward an understanding of endogenous dynamics in becoming agile. Journal of Competences, Strategy & Management, 11, 1-14. https://10.25437/jcsm-vol11-12

Retour, D.; & Krohmer, C. (2011) A competência coletiva: uma relação-chave na gestão das competências. In: Retour, D.; Picq, T.; Defelix, C.; Ruas, R. (Org.). Competências coletivas: no limiar da estratégia. Porto Alegre: Bookman, 45-78.

Salvato, C., & Rerup, C. (2018). Routine regulation: Balancing conflicting goals in organizational routines. Administrative Science Quarterly, 63(1), 170-209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001839217707738

Sandberg, J., & Tsoukas, H. (2011). Grasping the logic of practice: Theorizing through practical rationality. Academy of management review, 36(2), 338-360. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2009.0183

Sargis‐Roussel, C., Belmondo, C., & Deltour, F. (2017). Bringing people back in: How group internal social capital influences routines' emergence. European Management Review, 14(1), 101-112. https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12100

Stańczyk-Hugiet, E., Piórkowska, K., & Stańczyk, S. (2017). Demystifying emergence of organizational routines. Journal of Organizational Change Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-03-2016-0048

Schwaber, K., & Sutherland, J. (2017). Guide– The definitive guide to Scrum: the rules of the game, Retrieved from https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-guide.

Sin, S. (2010). Considerations of quality in phenomenographic research. International journal of qualitative methods, 9(4), 305-319. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940691000900401

Thomas, N. (1991), Entangled Objects, Exchange, Material Culture and Colonialism in the Pacific, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Tripp, J. F., & Armstrong, D. J. (2014). Exploring the relationship between organizational adoption motives and the tailoring of agile methods. In 2014 47th Hawaii international conference on system sciences (pp. 4799-4806). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2014.589

Tripp, J. F., Riemenschneider, C., & Thatcher, J. B. (2016). Job satisfaction in agile development teams: Agile development as work redesign. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 17(4), 1. https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00426

Nelson, P. R.; Winter, S. (1982) An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Witt, U. (2011). Emergence and functionality of organizational routines: an individualistic approach. Journal of Institutional Economics, 7(2), 157-174. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744137410000226