Proposal of Project Management Methods and Tools Oriented Maturity Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5585/gep.v9i1.595Keywords:
Project Management. Project Management Maturity Models. Project Management Methods and Tools. Type of Projects. Project Life Cycle.Abstract
Project management maturity greatly influences the success rate of the project implementation. However, available project management maturity models (PMMMs) are costly, time-consuming and demanding in terms of organization and competence when it comes to application. Moreover, there is no PMMM that evaluates in detail the usage of recommended project management methods and tools. The goal of this article is to design a user-friendly PMMM that would evaluate the project management maturity based on assessment of the usage of project management tools and methods within each stage of project life cycle taking into account the predominant type of projects implemented. The authors used the critical and comparative analysis, based on that the available project management maturity models were assessed and the new PMMM was designed using analogy, deduction, and induction, based on the synthesis of the acquired knowledge combined with the expert experience of the practitioners. It is a unique PMMM, characterized by complexity, user friendliness and financial flexibility. In addition, it is a model that can be used not only in companies of various branches, but also in organizations of other institutional sectors.
References
Adamek, M. et al. (2013). Certification of project management in organizations - a reference model. Brno: IPMA - Spolecnost pro projektove rizeni.
Ahlemann, F. (2009). Towards a conceptual reference model for project management information systems. International Journal of Project Management, 27(1), 19-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2008.01.008
Albrecht, J. C. Spang, K. (2016). Disassembling and reassembling project management maturity. Project Management Journal, 47(5), 18-35.
Albrecht, J. C. Spang, K. (2014). Linking the benefits of project management maturity to project complexity. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 7(2), 285-301. doi: 10.1108/ijmpb-08-2013-0040
Ali, A. S. B., Anbari, F. T. & Money, W. H. (2008). Impact of organization and project factors on acceptance and usage of project management software and perceived project success. Project Management Journal, 39(2), 5-33. doi: 10.1002/pmj.20041
Andersen, E. S. Jenssen, S. A. (2003). Project maturity in organizations. International Journal of Project Management, 21, 457-461.
Archibald, R. D. (2013). A global system for categorizing projects. Project Perspectives, 35(1), 6-11.
Association for Project Management. (2012). APM body of knowledge. High Wicombe: Association for Project Management.
Axelos Limited. (2013). Prince 2 maturity model (P2MM). Retrieved in December 12, 2016, from https://www.axelos.com/Corporate/media/Files/P3M3%20Model/PRINCE2_Maturity_Model_P2MM.pdf
Axelos Limited. (2010). P3M3 project management self – assessment. Retrieved in December 17, 2016, from https://www.axelos.com/Corporate/media/Files/P3M3%20Model/P3M3_Self_Assess_Project.pdf
Backlund, F., Chronéer, D. Sundqvist, E. (2014). Project management maturity models – a critical review a case study within Swedish engineering and construction organizations. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119, 837-846. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.094
Beck, K. et al. (2001). Manifesto for agile software development. Retrieved in November 1, 2016, from http://www.agilemanifesto.org/
Besner, C. Hobbs, B. (2012). An empirical identification of project management toolsets and a comparison among project types. Project Management Journal, 39(5), 24-46. doi: 10.1002/pmj.21292
Braglia, M. Frosolini, M. (2012). An integrated approach to implement project management information systems within the extended enterprise. International Journal of Project Management, 32(1), 18-29. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.12.003
Bryde, D. J. (2003). Modelling project management performance. The International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 20(2), 228-253. doi: 10.1108/02656710310456635
Campbell, H. & Brown, R. (2003). Benefit-cost analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Carrilo, P. et al. (2013). When will we learn? Improving lessons learned practice in construction. International Journal of Project Management, 31(4), 567-578. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.10.005
Chang, X. & Wei, B. (2014). The application of project management maturity model. Paper presented at the 2nd International Conference on Sensors, Measurement and Intelligent Materials, Guangzhou, Beijing, China. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.1707
CMMI Institute. (2016). Background on CMMI - a framework for improving performance. Retrieved in November 16, 2016, from http://cmmiinstitute.com/about-cmmi-institute
Couillard, J., Garon, S. & Riznic, J. (2009). The logical framework approach – millennium. Project Management Journal, 40(4), 31-44. doi: 10.1002/pmj.20117
Crawford, J. K. (2015). Project Management Maturity Model. Boca Raton: CRP Press.
Crawford, L., Hobbs, J. & Turner, R. (2004). Project categorization systems and their use in organisations: an empirical study. Paper presented at the PMI Research Conference 2004, Newton Square, U.S.A.
Dolezal, J. et al. (2012). Project management by IPMA. Prague: Grada Publishing.
ESI International. (2016). Assessing project management maturity. Retrieved in November 20, 2016, from https://www.strategyex.com/
Farrokh, J. Mansur, A. K. (2013). Project management maturity models and organizational project management maturity model (OPM3): A critical morphological evaluation. International Scholarly and Scientific Research Innovation, 7(5), 68-71.
Fengyong, Z. Renhui, L. (2007). Study on framework of construction project management maturity model. Paper presented at 4th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management, Chengdu, China. doi: 10.1109/icsssm.2007.4280298
Fiala, P. (2008). Management of projects. Prague: Oeconomia.
Fincher, A. & Levin, G. (1997). Project management maturity model. Paper presented at PMI 28th Annual Seminars & Symposium, Upper Darby, Pa, U.S.A.
Fuessinger, E. (2006). Maturities of project-oriented companies of about 15 project oriented-nations. Retrieved in January 10, 2017, from http://www.icoste.org/Slovenia2006Papers/icecFinal00100.pdf
Gareis, R. (2005). Happy projects! Vienna: Manz.
Gartner Inc. (2014). ITscore overview for program and portfolio management. Retrieved in November 23, 2016, from https://www.gartner.com/doc/2837917/itscore-overview-program-portfolio-management
Goldratt, E. M. (1997). Critical chain. New York: North River Press.
Haponava, T. Al-Jibouri, S. (2009). Identifying key performance indicators for use in control of pre-project stage process in construction. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 58(2), 160-173. doi: 10.1108/17410400910928743
Harrington, H. J. (2006). Project management excellence: the art of excelling in project management. Chico: Paton Press.
Haukka, M. (2013). Maturity levels of project portfolio management (PPM) and how to set your own target level. PM World Journal, 2(3), 1-13.
Hertogh, M. et al. (2008). Managing large infrastructure projects. Ultrecht: AT Osborne B.V.
Hillier, F. S. Lieberman, G. J. (2005). Introduction to operations research. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hillson, D. (2003). Assessing organizational project management capability. Journal of Facilities Management, 2(3), 298-311. doi: 10.1108/14725960410808276
Hillson, D. (2001). Benchmarking Organizational Project Management Capability. Paper presented at PMI Annual Seminars Symposium 2001, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A.
Hopkinson, M. (2010). The project risk maturity model. London: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9781315237572
Hrazdilova Bockova, K. (2009). Future scenarios of Czech project management. Economics and management, 12(3), 6-18.
International Project Management Association. (2016). Reference model for IPMA Delta. Retrieved in November 19, 2016, from http://www.ipma.world/certification/certify-organisations/delta-reference-model/
Interthink Consulting. (2016). Organizational project management assessment. Retrieved in December 2, 2016, from http://interthink.ca/services/project-advisory-services/organizational-project-management-assessment/
Jain, A. (1998). Project management maturity model: A new outlook. Paper presented at 14th IPMA World Congress on Project Management, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Joslin, R. Müller, R. (2015). Relationship between a project management methodology and project success in different project governance contexts. International Journal of Project Management, 33(6), 1377-1392. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.03.005
Jugdev, K. (2012). Learning from lessons learned: project management research programme. American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 4(1), 13-22.
Kaiser, M. G. Ahlemann, F. (2010). Measuring project management information systems success - towards a conceptual model and survey instrument. Retrieved in November 6, 2016, from http://is2.lse.ac.uk/asp/aspecis/20100126.pdf
Kerzner, H. (2014). Kerzner project management maturity assessment. Retrieved in November 2, 2016, from https://www.iil.com/kpm3/how_kpm3_works.asp
Kerzner, H. (2001). Strategic planning for project management using a project management maturity model. New York: John Wiley Sons.
Killen, C. P. Hunt, R. A. (2013). Robust project portfolio management: capability evolution and maturity. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 6/1, 131-151. doi: 10.1108/17538371311291062
Koerner, M. (2005). Declaration of interdependence. Retrieved in November 7, 2016, from http://pmdoi.org/
Kostalova, J. (2015). The assessment of the project management maturity in the Czech Republic with focus on projects co-financed by European funds and projects of the chemical industry enterprises. Ph.D. Thesis. Pardubice: University of Pardubice.
Kostalova, J. Tetrevova, L. (2016). Application of project management methods and tools with respect to the project life cycle and the project type. Paper presented at 9th International Scientific Conference Business and Management 2016, Lithuania, Vilnius. doi: 10.3846/bm.2016.03
Kostalova, J., Tetrevova, L. Svedik, J. (2015). Support of project management methods by project management information system. Procedia – Social and Behavioural Sciences, 210, 96-104. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.333
Kwak, Y. H., Ibbs, C. W. (2002). Project management process maturity (PM)2 model. Journal of Management in Engineering, 18, 150-155.
Kwak, Y. H., Sadatsafavi, H., Walewski, J. Williams, N. L. (2015) Evolution of project based organization: A case study. International Journal of Project Management, 33(8), 1652-1664. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.05.004
Lappe, M. Spang, K. (2014). Investment in project management are profitable: A case study-based analysis of the relationship between the costs and benefits of project management. International Journal of Project Management, 32(4), 603-612. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2013.10.005
Lee-Kwang, H. Favrel, J. (1988). The SSD graph: a tool for project scheduling and visualization. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 35(1), 25-29.
Lester, A. (2007). Project management, planning and control. Oxford: Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/b978-075066956-6/50031-9
Levene, R. A., Bentley, A. E. Jarvis, G. S. (1995). The scale of project management. Paper presented at 26th Annual Project Management Institute Seminar Symposium. New Orleans, U.S.A.
Lianying, Z., Jing, H. Xinxing, Z. (2012). The project management maturity model and application based on PRINCE 2. Procedia Engineering, 29, 3691-3697. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.01.554
Lubianiker, S. (2000). Opening the book on the open maturity model. Retrieved in November 12, 2016, from http://www.pmi.org/learning/open-maturity-model-principles-tools-4637?id=4637
Maravas, A. Pantouvakis, J. (2012). Project cash flow analysis in the presence of uncertainty in activity duration and cost. International Journal of Project Management, 30(3), 374-384. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2011.08.005
Markensteijn, P. (2001). PM3-model en deze website. Retrieved in January 5, 2017, from http://www.markensteijn.com/index.php/98-het-pm3-model/292-over-het-pm3-model-en-deze-website
Maylor, H. (2010). Project management. Harlow: Pearson Education.
Meisner, R. (2007). MINCE – a framework for organizational maturity. Zaltbommel: van Haren Publishing.
Melnic, A. Puiu, T. (2011). The management of human resources within projects: the structures of the project team, the responsibility. Economy Transdisciplinary Cognition, 14(1), 476-484.
Meredith, J. R., Mantel, S. J. (2012). Project management a managerial approach. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons.
Mian, M. A. (2011). Project economics and decision analysis: deterministic models. Tulsa: PennWell Books.
Mullaly, M. (2014). If maturity is the answer, then exactly what was the question? International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 7(5), 169-185. doi: 10.1108/ijmpb-09-2013-0047
Müller, R. et al. (2013). A relational typology of project management offices. Project Management Journal, 44(1), 59-76. doi: 10.1002/pmj.21321
Nikkhoua, S., Taghizadehb, K. Hajiyakhchalic, S. (2016). Designing a Portfolio management maturity model (Elena). Procedia - Social and Behavioural Sciences, 226, 318-325. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.194
Norman, E. S., Brotherton, S. A. Fried, R. T. (2008). Work breakdown structures: the foundation for project management excellence. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons.
Oellgaard, M. J. (2013). The performance of project life cycle methodology in practice. Project Management Journal, 44(5), 65-83. doi: 10.1002/pmj.21357
Pasian, B. (2014). Extending the concept and modularization of project management maturity with adaptable, human and customer factors. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 7(2), 186-214. doi: 10.1108/ijmpb-01-2014-0006
Patanakul, P., Iewwongcharoen, B. Milosevic, D. (2010). An empirical study on the use of project management tools and techniques across project life-cycle and their impact on project success. Journal of General Management, 35(3), 41-65. doi. 10.1177/030630701003500304
Pcubed. (2016). Implementing project and performance management tools. Retrieved in November 8, 2016, from http://www.pcubed.com/bulletins/implementing-project-and-performance-management-tools
PM Solutions. (2013). What is the Project Management Maturity Model (PMMM)? Retrieved in November 7, 2016, from http://www.pmsolutions.com/resources/view/what-is-the-project-management-maturity-model/
Poster, K. Applegarth, M. (2006). Project management. Prague: Portal.
Prado, D. (2002). Foundations of Prado PM Maturity Model. Retrieved in November 4, 2016, from http://www.maturityresearch.com/novosite/biblio/foundations-prado-pmmm.pdf
Project Management Institute. (2004). A guide to the project management body of knowledge. Newton Square: PMI. doi: 10.1109/ieeestd.1999.89431
Project Management Institute. (2001). Organizational project management maturity model (OPM3). Newton Square: PMI. doi: 10.1201/9781420028942.axa
Prosci. (2004). Prosci's change management maturity modelTM. Retrieved in November 29, 2016, from http://www.change-management.com/Prosci-CM-Maturity-Model-writeup.pdf
PwC. (2014). When will you think differently about programme delivery? Retrieved in November 26, 2016, from https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/consulting-services/portfolio-programme-management/assets/global-ppm-survey.pdf
Rad, P. F. Cioffi, D. F. (2004). Work and resource breakdown structure for formalized bottom-up estimating. Cost Engineering, 46(2), 31-37.
Ravindran, A. R. (2007). Operations research and management science handbook. Boca Raton: Taylor Francis Group. doi: 10.1201/9781420009712
Remy, R. (1997). Adding focus to improvement efforts with PM3. Retrieved in November 2, 2016, from http://www.pmi.org/learning/adding-focus-improvement-efforts-pm3-5147?id=5147
Robbins, S. P. Coulter, M. (2004). Management. Prague: Grada Publishing.
Rosenau, M. D. (2009). Management of projects. Brno: Computer Press.
Shi, Q. (2011). Rethinking the implementation of project management: a value adding path map approach. International Journal of Project Management, 29(3), 295-305. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2010.03.007
Soares, F. S. F. & Meira, S. R. (2014). AP3M-SW an agile project management maturity model for software organizations. Paper presented at 9th International Conference on Software Engineering Advanced ICSEA 2014, Nice, France.
Solanki, P. (2009). Earned value management: integrated view of cost and schedule performance. New Delhi: Global India Publications.
Souza, T. F. Gomes, C. F. S. (2015). Assessment of maturity in project management: a bibliometric study of main models. Procedia Computer Science, 55, 92-101. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2015.07.012
Spalek, S. (2015). Establishing a conceptual model for assessing project management maturity in industrial companies. International Journal of Industrial Engineering, 22(2), 301-313.
Storms, K. (2008). Earned value management implementation in an agency capital improvement program. Cost Engineering, 50(12), 17-40.
Sukhoo, A. et al. (2007). An evolutionary software project management maturity model for Mauritius. Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge and Management, 2(14), 99-118. doi: 10.28945/3158
Tahri, H. Drissi-Kaitouni, O. (2015). New design for calculation project management maturity (PMM). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 181, 171-177. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.878
Tetrevova, L. (2006). Project financing. Prague: Professional Publishing.
Turner, J. R. Cochrane, R. A. (1993). Goals-and-methods matrix: coping with projects with ill defined goals and/or methods of achieving them. International Journal of Project Management, 11(2), 99-102. doi: 10.1016/0263-7863(93)90017-h
Turner, R. & Ledwith, A. (2009) Project management in small to medium‐sized enterprises. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 2(2), 282–296. doi:10.1108/17538370910949301.
Unger, B. N. et al. (2012). The three roles of a project portfolio management office: their impact on portfolio management execution and success. International Journal of Project Management, 30(5), 608-620. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.01.015
Vandersluis, C. (2017). The project management system maturity model: white paper. Retrieved in December 3, 2016, from https://support.office.com/en-us/article/The-project-management-system-maturity-model-white-paper-77b7634e-97cc-4436-b1dd-1b8028f7c2eb
Vidal, L. A., Marle, F. Bocquet, J. C. (2011). Measuring project complexity using the analytic hierarchy process. International Journal of Project Management, 29(6), 718-727. doi. 10.1016/j.ijproman.2010.07.005
Voivedich, B. & Jones, M. (2001). Developing and applying a project management capability maturity model. Paper presented at PMI Annual Seminars & Symposium 2001, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Wendler, R. (2012). The maturity of maturity model research: A systematic mapping study. Information and Software Technology, 54, 1317-1339. doi. 10.1016/j.infsof.2012.07.007
Westerveld, E. (2002). The Project Excellence Model®: linking success criteria and critical success factors. International Journal of Project Management, 21(6), 411-418. doi: 10.1016/s0263-7863(02)00112-6
Yang, G. & Qiu, W. (2010). The project management maturity model dynamic development research. Beihang University Transaction, 5(23), 49-52.
Youker, R. (2017). The difference between different types of projects. 2nd edition. PM World Journal, 6(4), 1-8.
Zandhuis, A. Stellingwerf, R. (2013). ISO 21500: Guidance on project management – a pocket guide. Zaltbommel: Van Haren Publishing.