Propondo EESSGG para o desempenho da gestão urbana orientada à stakeholders: uma perspectiva teórica

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5585/geas.v12i1.23099

Palavras-chave:

Desempenho Urbano, Orientação aos Stakeholders, Sustentabilidade Urbana, Teoria dos Stakeholders, Gestão Urbana

Resumo

Objetivo: Investigar as medidas de desempenho urbano mais apropriadas para uma gestão urbana orientada a stakeholders.

Método: Este estudo fez uma síntese da pesquisa de 47 artigos extraídos da Scopus.

Originalidade/Relevância: Haja visto que medidas de desempenho urbano são úteis para satisfazer as necessidades dos stakeholders da gestão urbana, a originalidade deste estudo é a proposição de uma série de medidas de desempenho urbano para acadêmicos e profissionais. Assim, estratégias urbanas baseadas em tais medidas podem criar valor para stakeholders urbanos.

Resultados: A principal contribuição é propor medidas de desempenho urbano baseadas na literatura de Estudos Urbanos, as quais permitem avaliar o quão uma gestão é orientada aos stakeholders, são elas: “Environmental, Economic, and Social Sustainability, Global Cities, and Governance” (EESSGG). Uma gestão urbana baseada na EESSGG permite aos governos locais criarem valor para stakeholders e formar redes urbanas de recursos técnicos e humanos, promovendo o desenvolvimento urbano. A gestão urbana é mais complexa e não tem fins lucrativos. Por isso, EESSGG é mais apropriado para a gestão urbana do que o clássico empresarial “Environmental, Social, and Governance” (ESG).

Contribuições Sociais/Gerenciais: EESSGG é uma ferramenta eficaz para planejadores urbanos e formuladores de políticas públicas promoverem uma gestão urbana orientada aos stakeholders, e consequentemente, uma governança urbana democrática.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Biografia do Autor

Donizete Beck, School of Political Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel. Graduate School of Administration, Nove de Julho University, Brazil

Ph.D. Candidate, Graduate School of Business at Nove de Julho University. Visiting Researcher, School of Political Science at the University of Haifa.

https://www.beck.science/

Referências

Agnoletti, C., Bocci, C., Iommi, S., Lattarulo, P., & Marinari, D. (2015). First- and Second-Tier Cities in Regional Agglomeration Models. European Planning Studies, 23(6), 1146-1168. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2014.905006

Apreda, C., D'Ambrosio, V., & Di Martino, F. (2019). A climate vulnerability and impact assessment model for complex urban systems. Environmental Science and Policy, 93, 11-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.12.016

Arbabi, H., Mayfield, M., & Dabinett, G. (2019). Urban performance at different boundaries in England and Wales through the settlement scaling theory. Regional Studies, 53(6), 887-899. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2018.1490501

Arcidiacono, A., & Ronchi, S. (2019). Ecosystem services and naturebased solutions. A project of urban resilience for Rocinha. Territorio, (90), 94-99. https://doi.org/10.3280/TR2019-090011

Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A Ladder Of Citizen Participation. Journal Of The American Institute Of Planners, 35(4), 216-224.

Beck, D., Levy, W., & Conti, D. (2020). The Tourism Under the Perspective of the Smart Sustainable Cities. Organizações & Sustentabilidade, 8(2), 103-117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/2318-9223.2020v8n2p103

Beck, D., & Conti, D. M. (2021). The Role of Urban Innovativeness, Smart Governance, and Smart Development in the Urban Smartness. Humanidades & Inovação, 8(49), 141-151.

Beck, D., & Storopoli, J. (2021). Cities through the lens of Stakeholder Theory: A literature review. Cities, 118, 103377. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103377

Beck, D., & Ferasso, M. (2023a). How can Stakeholder Capitalism contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals? A Cross-network Literature Analysis. Ecological Economics, 204, 107673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107673

Beck, D. F., & Ferasso, M. (2023b). Bridging 'Stakeholder Value Creation' and 'Urban Sustainability': The need for better integrating the Environmental Dimension. Sustainable Cities and Society, 89, 104316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104316

Beck, D., Storopoli, J., Cunha, J. C., Vigoda-Gadot, E. (in press). Strategic Resource Management in Private, Public, and Mixed-Owned Organisations in Cities: The Power of Strategic Urban Networks. International Journal of Services, Economics and Management.

Beck, D., & Vigoda-Gadot, E. (in press). Stakeholder-orientation in the Governance of Israeli Cities and Local Communities: A Qualitative Meta-Analysis. Israel Affairs.

Bettencourt, L.M.A., Lobo, J., Strumsky, D., & West, G.B. (2010). Urban scaling and its deviations: Revealing the structure of wealth, innovation and crime across cities. PLoS ONE, 5(11), art. no. e13541. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013541

Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices (2. ed.). Tampa, USA: Open Access Textbooks.

Bordim, M. H. S., Longo, R. M., & Bordim, B. S. (2022).Urban environmental sustainability: analysis of the influence of vegetation in environmental parameters. Journal of Environmental Management & Sustainability, 11(1), e19447. https://doi.org/10.5585/geas.v1i1.19447

Brown, A., & Kirby, R.F. (1971). Measuring urban performance. Journal of Cybernetics, 1(4), 32-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/01969727108542901

Byrd, E.T. (2007). Stakeholders in sustainable tourism development and their roles: applying stakeholder theory to sustainable tourism development. Tourism Review, 62(2), 6-13.

Caputo, P., Pasetti, G., & Ferrari, S. (2019). Implementation of an urban efficiency index to comprehend post-metropolitan territories—The case of

Greater Milan in Italy. Sustainable Cities and Society, 48, art. no. 101565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101565

Caragliu, A., Del Bo, C., & Nijkamp, P. (2011). Smart cities in Europe. Journal of Urban Technology, 18(2), 65-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2011.601117

Caragliu, A., & Del Bo, C. (2012). Smartness and European urban performance: Assessing the local impacts of smart urban attributes. Innovation, 25(2), 97-113. https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2012.660323

Caragliu, A., Del Bo, C., Kourtit, K., Nijkamp, P., & Suzuki, S. (2012). In search of incredible cities by means of super-efficiency data envelopment analysis. Studies in Regional Science, 42(1), 129-144. https://doi.org/10.2457/srs.42.129

Caragliu, A., & Del Bo, C. (2018). The economics of smart city policies. Scienze Regionali, 17(1), 1-104. https://doi.org/10.14650/88818

Cesme, B., Dock, S., Westrom, R., Lee, K., & Barrios, J.A. (2017). Data-driven urban performance measures: Case study application in the district of Columbia. Transportation Research Record, 2605(1), 45-53. https://doi.org/10.3141/2605-04

Chakrabarty, B. K. (2001). Urban management: Concepts, principles, techniques and education. Cities, 18(5), 331-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0264-2751(01)00026-9

Chang, S., Saha, N., Castro-Lacouture, D., & Yang, P.P.-J. (2019). Multivariate relationships between campus design parameters and energy performance using reinforcement learning and parametric modeling. Applied Energy, 249, 253-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.109

Charlton, J., Giddings, B., Thompson, E.M., & Peverett, I. (2015). Understanding the interoperability of virtual city models in assessing the performance of city centre squares. Environment and Planning A, 47(6), 1298-1312. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X15594904

Charlton, J., Giddings, B., Thompson, E.M., & Peverett, I. (2015). Understanding the interoperability of virtual city models in assessing the performance of city centre squares. Environment and Planning A, 47(6), 1298-1312. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X15594904

Chokhachian, A., Perini, K., Giulini, S., & Auer, T. (2020). Urban performance and density: Generative study on interdependencies of urban form and environmental measures. Sustainable Cities and Society, 53, art. no. 101952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101952

Clarke, T. (2020). The Contest on Corporate Purpose: Why Lynn Stout was Right and Milton Friedman was Wrong. Accounting, Economics, and Law: A Convivium, 10(3), art. no 20200145. https://doi.org/10.1515/ael-2020-0145

Cooper, H. (2017). Research synthesis and meta-analysis (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Corsi, A., Pagani, R., e Cruz, T. B. R., de Souza, F. F., & Kovaleski, J. L. (2022). Smart sustainable cities: characterization and impacts for sustainable development goals. Journal of Environmental Management & Sustainability, 11(1), e20750. https://doi.org/10.5585/geas.v11i1.20750

Coutinho, S. M. V., Abilio, C. C. C., Vasconcellos, M. da P., & Alvarenga, N. C. A. (2019). Smart cities indicators: the emergence of a new cliché. Journal of Environmental Management & Sustainability, 8(2), 386-402. https://doi.org/10.5585/geas.v8i2.13574

De Oliveira, G. G., Iano, Y., Vaz, G. C., Negrete, P. D. M., Negrete, J. C. M., & Chuma, E. L. (2022). Intelligent Mobility: A Proposal for Modeling Traffic Lights Using Fuzzy Logic and IoT for Smart Cities. In International

Conference on Soft Computing and its Engineering Applications (pp. 302-311). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05767-0_24

De Souza, C. F. C., Iano, Y., de Oliveira, G. G., Vaz, G. C., Reis, V. S., & Neto, J. M. (2022). Institutional Development Index (IDI): Calculation for Municipalities in the Metropolitan Region of Campinas (Brazil). In Proceedings of the 7th Brazilian Technology Symposium (BTSym’21) (pp. 245-255). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08545-1_23

Dess, G. G., & Robinson Jr., R. B. (1984). Measuring organizational performance in the absence of objective measures: the case of the privately‐held firm and conglomerate business unit. Strategic management journal, 5(3), 265-273.

Duarte, F., & Ultramari, C. (2012). Making Public Transport and Housing Match: Accomplishments and Failures of Curitba's BRT. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 138 (2), 183-194. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000107

Fama, E. F. (2020). Contract Costs, Stakeholder Capitalism, and ESG. European Financial Management, 27(2), 189-195. https://doi.org/10.1111/eufm.12297

Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Boston: Pitman.

Freeman, E., & Liedtka, J. (1997). Stakeholder capitalism and the value chain. European Management Journal, 15(3), 286-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-2373(97)00008-X

Freeman, R. E., Martin, K., & Parmar, B. (2007). Stakeholder capitalism. Journal of business ethics, 74(4), 303-314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9517-y

Freeman, R. E., Dmytriyev, S. D., & Phillips, R. A. (2021). Stakeholder theory and the resource-based view of the firm. Journal of Management, 47(7), 1757-1770. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206321993576

Gioia, D. A., Corley, K. G., & Hamilton, A. L. (2013). Seeking qualitative rigor in inductive research: Notes on the Gioia methodology. Organizational research methods, 16(1), 15-31. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1094428112452151

Golubchikov, O. (2006). Interurban development and economic disparities in a Russian Province. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 47(4), 478-495. https://doi.org/10.2747/1538-7216.47.4.478

Greasley, S., John, P., & Wolman, H. (2011). Does government performance matter? the effects of local government on urban outcomes in England. Urban Studies, 48(9), 1835-1851. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098010380955

Grove, H., Clouse, M., & Xu, T. (2020). Stakeholder Capitalism Strategies and Opportunities for Corporate Governance. Journal of Governance and Regulation, 9(4), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv9i4art5

Hair, F. J. Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, J. B., & Anderson, R. E. (2019).

Multivariate Data Analysis (8th edition). Cheriton House: Cengage Learning, EMEA.

Jastrzębska, E. (2022). Implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 12 in Cities: Best Practices. Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae, 20(3), 13-24. https://doi.org/10.21697/seb.2022.17

Jiao, L., Xu, Z., Xu, G., Zhao, R., Liu, J., & Wang, W. (2020). Assessment of urban land use efficiency in China: A perspective of scaling law. Habitat International, 99, art. no. 102172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2020.102172

Kavaratzis, M. (2004). From city marketing to city branding: Towards a theoretical framework for developing city brands. Place branding, 1(1), 58-73.

Keirstead, J. (2013). Benchmarking urban energy efficiency in the UK. Energy Policy, 63, 575-587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.08.063

Kitchin, R., Lauriault, T.P., & McArdle, G. (2015). Knowing and governing cities through urban indicators, city benchmarking and real-time dashboards. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 2(1), 6-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2014.983149

Kotler, P., Haider, D. H., & Rein, I., (1993). Marketing Places: Attracting Investment, Industry, And Tourism To Cities, States, And Nations. New York: Free Press.

Kourtit, K., Nijkamp, P., & Suzuki, S. (2020). Comparative urban performance assessment of safe cities through data envelopment analysis. Regional Science Policy and Practice,

https://doi.org/10.1111/rsp3.12276

Lima, L. B. D., Iano, Y., Noritomi, P. Y., Oliveira, G. G. D., & Vaz, G. C. (2022). Data Security, Privacy, and Regulatory Issues: A Conceptual Approach to Digital Transformation to Smart Cities. In Proceedings of the 7th Brazilian Technology Symposium (BTSym’21) (pp. 256-263).

Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08545-1_24

Lozano, E.E., Sena, M., Heitzmann, D., & Cheng, C.-H. (1974). Level of Services and Degree of Accessibility: Spatial Urban Simulation Model. Regional Studies, 8(1), 21-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/09595237400185031

Lucarelli, A., & Berg, P. O. (2011). City Branding: A State-Of-The-Art Review Of The Research Domain. Journal Of Place Management And Development, 4(1), 9-27.

Lustosa, T. C., Iano, Y., Oliveira, G. G. D., Vaz, G. C., & Reis, V. S. (2020, October). Safety Management Applied to Smart Cities Design. In Proceedings of the 6th Brazilian Technology Symposium (BTSym’20) (pp. 498-510). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75680-2_55

Macke, J., Casagrande, R. M., Sarate, J. A. R., & Silva, K. A. (2018). Smart city and quality of life: Citizens’ perception in a Brazilian case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 182, 717-726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.078

Macke, J., Sarate, J. A. R., & Moschen, S. A. (2019). Smart sustainable cities evaluation and sense of community. Journal of Cleaner Production, 239, 118103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118103

Maia, J.L.M., Netto, V.M., & Da Costa, B.L.G. (2019). Urban form and atmospheric pollution: Assessing impacts in Rio de Janeiro. Urbe, 11, art. no. e20180145. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-3369.011.001.E20180145

Majewski, J. (2022). Sustainable Mobility in the Cities and Agglomeration Areas. Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae, 20(3), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.21697/seb.2022.22

Maltese, I., Mariotti, I., & Boscacci, F. (2016). Smart city, urban performance and energy. Green Energy and Technology, 25-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31157-9_2

Marchand, C. (1987). The short term performance of Canadian urban economies, 1957-1980. Environments, 19(1), 38-47.

Markert, B., Wuenschmann, S., Fraenzle, S., Figueiredo, A. M. G.,

Ribeiro, A. P., & Wang, M. (2011). Bioindication of atmospheric trace

metals–with special references to megacities. Environmental Pollution, 159(8-9), 1991-1995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.009

Martins, A. P. G., Negri, E. M., Saldiva, P. H. N., Ribeiro, A. P., Oliveira, A. D., Ferreira, M. L., ... & Lafortezza, R. (2021). Green infrastructure to monitor and minimize the impacts of air pollution. Estudos Avançados, 35(102), 31-57. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-4014.2021.35102.003

McCarthy, L. (2000). European Integration, Urban Economic Change, and Public Policy Responses. Professional Geographer, 52(2), 193-205. https://doi.org/10.1111/0033-0124.00217

Michelam, L., Tucunduva, T., Yigitcanlar, T., & Vils, L. (2020). Knowledge-based urban development as a strategy to promote smart and sustainable cities. Journal of Environmental Management & Sustainability, 9(1), e18740. https://doi.org/10.5585/geas.v9i1.18740

Mitchell, R. K., Agle, B. R., & Wood, D. J. (1997). Toward a theory of stakeholder identification and salience: Defining the principle of who and what really counts. Academy of Management Review, 22(4), 853–886.

Moertiningsih, S., Nurgandarum, D., Nurfanty, O. (2020). Permeability characteristics of unplanned settlements in Jakarta. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(3), 1999-2003.

Molinaro, R., Najjar, M.K., Hammad, A.W.A., Haddad, A., & Vazquez, E. (2020). Urban Development Index (UDI): A comparison between the city of Rio de Janeiro and four other global cities. Sustainability, 12(3), art. no. 823. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12030823

Moraci, F., Fazia, C., & Errigo, M.F. (2018). Smart tools for energy resilient city. Annales de Chimie: Science des Materiaux, 42(4), 459-470. https://doi.org/10.3166/ACSM.42.459-470

Nicolas, C., Kim, J., & Chi, S. (2020). Quantifying the dynamic effects of smart city development enablers using structural equation modeling. Sustainable Cities and Society, 53, art. no. 101916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101916

Noyman, A., Doorley, R., Xiong, Z., Alonso, L., Grignard, A., & Larson, K. (2019). Reversed urbanism: Inferring urban performance through behavioral patterns in temporal telecom data. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 46(8), 1480-1498.

https://doi.org/10.1177/2399808319840668

O’Brien, J. (2020). The moral foundations of stakeholder capitalism. Law and Financial Markets Review, 14(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1080/17521440.2020.1724373

Parrado, S., van Ryzin, G.G., Bovaird, T., & Löffler, E. (2013). Correlates of Co-production: Evidence From a Five-Nation Survey of Citizens. International Public Management Journal, 16(1), 85-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2013.796260

Portnov, B.A., & Schwartz, M. (2009). On the importance of the 'location package' for Urban growth. Urban Studies, 46(8), 1665-1679. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098009105504

Ramon, M., Ribeiro, A. P., Theophilo, C. Y. S., Moreira, E. G., de

Camargo, P. B., de Bragança Pereira, C. A., ... & Ferreira, M. L. (2022). Assessment of four urban forest as environmental indicator of air quality: a study in a brazilian megacity. Urban Ecosystems, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-022-01296-7

Reis, V. S., Iano, Y., Oliveira, G. G., Lustosa, T. C., Miranda, M. A., Mesquita, O. D. S., ... & Padilha França, R. (2021). A Discussion of the Challenges Small Towns Face in Reaching the Promising Scenario of Electronic Government Intelligent Cities. In Proceedings of the 5th Brazilian Technology Symposium (pp. 571-581). Springer, Cham.

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57566-3_56

Santos, P. A., Iano, Y., Jordão, K. C. P., Vaz, G. C., Oliveira, G. G. D., Sampaio, I. A., & Chuma, E. L. (2022, March). Analysis of the Relationship Between Maturity Indicators Using the Multivariate Linear Regression: A Case Study in the Brazilian Cities. In The International Conference on Cyber Security Intelligence and Analytics (pp. 203-210).

Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97874-7_26

Schwab, K., & Vanham, P. (2021). Stakeholder Capitalism: A Global Economy that Works for Progress, People and Planet. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons

Seles, E., & Afacan, Y. (2019). Exploring the relationship between health and walkability. Open House International, 440(1), 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1108/OHI-01-2019-B0006

Shmelev, S.E., & Shmeleva, I.A. (2018). Global urban sustainability assessment: A multidimensional approach. Sustainable Development, 26(6), 904-920. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.1887

Staniscia, S., Spacone, E., & Fabietti, V. (2017). Performance-Based Urban Planning: Framework and L’Aquila Historic City Center Case Study. International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 11(5), 656-669. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2017.1287977

Stossel, Z., Kissinger, M., & Meir, A. (2015). Assessing the state of environmental quality in cities - A multi-component urban performance (EMCUP) index. Environmental Pollution, 206, 679-687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.07.036

Schwab, K., & Vanham, P. (2021). Stakeholder Capitalism: A Global Economy that Works for Progress, People and Planet. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.

Teixeira, M. A. C., Ramos, H. R., & de Oliveira, A. (2021). Perspectives of New Alternative Materials to Silicon for the Production of Photovoltaic Solar Cells: A Systematic Literature Review. Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades, 9(71), 48-61.

https://doi.org/10.17271/2318847297120212953

Timur, S., & Getz, D. (2008). A Network Perspective On Managing Stakeholders For Sustainable Urban Tourism. International Journal Of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 20(4): 445-61.

Trovato, M.R., & Giuffrida, S. (2014). The choice problem of the urban performances to support the Pachino's redevelopment plan. International Journal of Business Intelligence and Data Mining, 9(4), 330-355. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIDM.2014.068458

Wang, X., Li, Z., Meng, H., & Wu, J. (2017). Identification of key energy efficiency drivers through global city benchmarking: A data driven approach. Applied Energy, 190, 18-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.111

Webster, C.J. (1998). Sustainability and public choice: a theoretical essay on urban performance indicators. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 25(5), 709-729. https://doi.org/10.1068/b250709

Webster, C.J., & Wu, F. (1999a). Regulation, land-use mix, and urban performance. Part 2: Simulation. Environment and Planning A, 31(9), 1529-1545. https://doi.org/10.1068/a311529

Webster, C.J., & Wu, F. (1999b). Regulation, land-use mix, and urban performance. Part 1: Theory. Environment and Planning A, 31(8), 1433-1442. https://doi.org/10.1068/a311433

Whetten, D. A. (1989). What Constitutes a Theoretical Contribution? Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 490–495. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1989.4308371

Wu, F., & Webster, C.J. (1998). Simulation of natural land use zoning under free-market and incremental development control regimes. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 22(3), 241-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0198-9715(98)00044-1

Xu, S., Liu, T., Jia, N., Wang, P., Liu, P., & Ma, S. (2020). The effects of transportation system improvements on urban performances with heterogeneous residents. Journal of Management Science and Engineering, 5(4), 287-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmse.2020.09.002

Zhao, X., & Zhang, L. (1995). Urban Performance and the Control of Urban Size in China. Urban Studies, 32(4-5), 813-846. https://doi.org/10.1080/00420989550012906

Downloads

Publicado

2023-02-23

Como Citar

Beck, D. (2023). Propondo EESSGG para o desempenho da gestão urbana orientada à stakeholders: uma perspectiva teórica. Revista De Gestão Ambiental E Sustentabilidade, 12(1), e23099. https://doi.org/10.5585/geas.v12i1.23099

Edição

Seção

Artigos