Ecosistema regional de innovación como facilitador de la transformación digital: evidencias de Pacto Alegre (Brasil)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5585/2024.25143Palabras clave:
ecosistemas, transformación digital, conocimiento, Covid-19, cuádruple hélice.Resumen
Objetivo: El estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la percepción de los actores de la cuádruple hélice de un ecosistema de innovación regional respecto de sus contribuciones a la transformación digital de las empresas.
Metodología/enfoque: Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad con actores clave del Pacto Alegre y con empresas activas en el ecosistema, así como un análisis documental de sus proyectos centrados en el tema de la transformación digital.
Originalidad/valor: El estudio contribuye al mostrar que los ecosistemas regionales pueden actuar como facilitadores en el proceso de transformación digital de las empresas, corroborando la discusión que apunta a la necesidad de integrar estos dos temas.
Resultados: Las empresas tradicionales se encuentran en una fase inicial de transformación digital, y la pandemia del Covid-19 se consideró un factor acelerador de este proceso, obligando a los empresarios a adoptar tecnologías digitales en sus negocios. A tal fin, el ecosistema proporciona un entorno propicio para el intercambio de conocimientos, las relaciones interorganizacionales y el aprendizaje por parte de las empresas, permitiéndoles reducir la distancia que las separa de la transformación digital. A través de sus proyectos, Pacto Alegre ha generado impactos directos e indirectos para la transformación digital de las empresas.
Aportaciones teóricas/metodológicas: El artículo proporciona un marco analítico que vincula los temas de transformación digital y ecosistemas regionales, y contiene un estudio empírico de su aplicación en el contexto de un país emergente con enfoque en empresas de baja tecnología.
Aportaciones sociales/gerenciales: Las implicaciones prácticas de este estudio proporcionan elementos para organizar y mejorar las acciones de Pacto Alegre como facilitador de la transformación digital, así como una base para diferentes ecosistemas.
Descargas
Citas
Almeida, F., Santos, J.D. & Monteiro, J.A. (2020). The challenges and opportunities in the digitalization of companies in a post COVID-19 world. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 48(3), 97–103. https://doi.org/10.1109/EMR.2020.3013206
Appio, F.P., Lima, M. & Paroutis, S. (2019). Understanding Smart Cities: Innovation ecosystems, technological advancements, and societal challenges. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.12.018
Appio, F.P., Frattini, F., Petruzzelli, A.M. & Neirotti, P. (2021). Digital Transformation and Innovation Management: A Synthesis of Existing Research and an Agenda for Future Studies. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 38(1), 4–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12562
Ardito, L., Ferraris, A., Petruzzelli, A.M., Bresciani, S. & Del Giudice, M. (2019). The role of universities in the knowledge management of smart city projects. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142,.312-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.030
Arias-Pérez, J. & Vélez-Jaramillo, J. (2022). Ignoring the three-way interaction of digital orientation, Not-invented-here syndrome and employee's artificial intelligence awareness in digital innovation performance: A recipe for failure. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121305
Autio, E. & Thomas, L.D. (2022). Researching ecosystems in innovation contexts, Innovation & Management Review, 19(1), 12-25. https://doi.org/10.1108/INMR-08-2021-0151
Bai, C., Quayson, M. & Sarkis, J. (2021). COVID-19 pandemic digitization lessons for sustainable development of micro-and small-enterprises. Sustainable production and consumption, 27, 1989-2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2021.04.035
Balestrin, A. (2022). RS, primeiro em inovação no Brasil. Portal do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. https://estado.rs.gov.br/rs-primeiro-em-inovacao-no-brasil
Cai, L., Sheng, N., Bruton, G. D., & Yu, H. (2024). Redefining the entrepreneurial ecosystem in China from a network-based view: A review and proposal for future research. Small Business Economics, 1-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11187-024-00905-3
Camboim, G.F., Zawislak, P.A. & Pufal, N.A. (2019). Driving elements to make cities smarter: Evidences from European projects. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142, 154-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.09.014
Carayannis, E. G., Campbell, D. F. & Grigoroudis, E. (2022). Helix trilogy: The triple, quadruple, and quintuple innovation helices from a theory, policy, and practice set of perspectives, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 13(3), 2272-2301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-021-00813-x
Cobben, D., Ooms, W., Roijakkers, N. & Radziwon, A. (2022). Ecosystem types: A systematic review on boundaries and goals. Journal of Business Research, 142, 138-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.046
Cohen, B., Almirall, E. & Chesbrough, H. (2016). The city as a lab: Open innovation meets the collaborative economy, California Management Review, 59(1), 5-13. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008125616683951
Coletto, C., Caliari, L., Bernardes-de-Souza, D., & Callegaro-de-Menezes, D. (2024). Knowledge flows for rural producers: evidence from the Medellín ecosystem, Colombia. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review (published online ahead of print 2024). https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr1068
Faccin, K., Thomas, E., & Kretschmer, C. (2022). University dynamic capabilities to boost innovation ecosystems: The case of a university alliance in Brazil. In Universities and Regional Engagement (pp. 41-57). Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003150299-4
Fischer, B., Gomes, L., Bernardes, R. C. & Facin, K. (2022). Guest editorial Innovation ecosystems: new perspectives and the way forward. Innovation & Management Review. 19(1), 2-11. https://doi.org/10.1108/INMR-02-2022-180
Foguesatto, C. R., Santini, M. A. F., Martins, B. V., Faccin, K., De Mello, S. F. & Balestrin, A. (2021). What is going on recently in the innovation ecosystem field? A bibliometric and content-based analysis, International Journal of Innovation Management, 25(07), 2130001. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919621300014
Font-Cot, F., Lara-Navarra, P., & Serradell-Lopez, E. (2023). Digital transformation policies to develop an effective startup ecosystem: the case of Barcelona. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-01-2023-0006
Gonçalves, L., Faccin, K., Garay, J., Zarpelon, F., & Balestrin, A. (2024). The development of Innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems in cities: An institutional work approach. Cities, 146, 104747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104747
Gong, C. & Ribiere, V. (2021). Developing a unified definition of digital transformation. Technovation, 102, 102217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2020.102217
Gradillas, M., & Thomas, L. D. (2023). Distinguishing digitization and digitalization: A systematic review and conceptual framework. Journal of Product Innovation Management. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12690
Guimarães, J. D. S., Fernandes, C., Veiga, P. M., & Ramadani, V. (2023). The relationship between entrepreneurial ecosystems and digital transformation. FIIB Business Review, 23197145231173850. https://doi.org/10.1177/2319714523117385
Haukipuro, L., Väinämö, S., Virta, V., & Perälä‐Heape, M. (2024). Key aspects of establishing research, knowledge, and innovation‐based hubs as part of the local innovation ecosystem. R&D Management, 54(2), 283-299. https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12584
Klimas, P. & Czakon, W. (2022). Species in the wild: a typology of innovation ecosystems. Review of Managerial Science, 16(1), 249-282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-020-00439-4
Kraus, S., Jones, P., Kailer, N., Weinmann, A., Chaparro-Banegas, N., & Roig-Tierno, N. (2021). Digital transformation: An overview of the current state of the art of research. Sage Open, 11(3), 21582440211047576. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211047576
Lara, J. E., Batista, A. S., Ribeiro, R. M., & Tissot-Lara, T. A. (2023). Corporate digital transformation: companies towards Industry 4.0. International Journal of Innovation - IJI, 11(3), 1-32, e24194. https://doi.org/10.5585/2023.24194
Liao, A. T., Pan, C. L., & Wu, Z. (2024). Digital Transformation and Innovation and Business Ecosystems: A Bibliometric Analysis for Conceptual Insights and Collaborative Practices for Ecosystem Innovation. International Journal of Innovation Studies. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijis.2024.04.003
Majava, J., & Rinkinen, S. (2024). Twenty years, twenty studies: what can we learn from San Diego’s innovation ecosystem?. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2024.2372781
Malik, A., Sharma, P., Pereira, V. & Temouri, Y. (2021). From regional innovation systems to global innovation hubs: Evidence of a Quadruple Helix from an emerging economy. Journal of Business Research, 128, 587-598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.12.009
Mignoni, J., Bittencourt, B. A., da Silva, S. B., & Zen, A. C. (2023). Orchestrators of innovation networks in the city level: the case of Pacto Alegre. Innovation & Management Review, 20 (3), 194-210. https://doi.org/10.1108/INMR-01-2021-0002
Nascimento, S. F., Lima, M. C., & Gondim, I. J. C. (2022). Level of collaboration and knowledge transfer among actors of the innovation ecosystem: the proposition of an analytical model. International Journal of Innovation - IJI, São Paulo, 10(Special issue), 434-460. https://doi.org/10.5585/iji.v10i3.21057
North, K., Aramburu, N., & Lorenzo, O.J. (2019). Promoting digitally enabled growth in SMEs: a framework proposal. Journal of Enterprise Information Management. 33(1). 238-262. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-04-2019-0103
O’Connor, A., & Audretsch, D. (2023). Regional entrepreneurial ecosystems: learning from forest ecosystems. Small Business Economics, 60(3), 1051-1079. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-022-00623-8
Oliveira, S. R. M. & Trento, S. (2021). Innovation Ecosystem and Digital Transformation: Linking Two Emerging Agendas through Knowledge. In: 2021 IEEE 15th International Conference on Application of Information and Communication Technologies (AICT) (1-6). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/AICT52784.2021.9620240
Oliveira, B. X., Pereira, F. C. M., & Fialho, W. A. (2023). Digital transformation: proposed theoretical-analytical model for value generation. International Journal of Innovation - IJI, 11(2), e23451. https://doi.org/10.5585/2023.23451
Onesi-Ozigagun, O., Ololade, Y. J., Eyo-Udo, N. L., & Ogundipe, D. O. (2024). Leading digital transformation in non-digital sectors: a strategic review. International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 6(4), 1157-1175.
Pacto Alegre Oficial, (2021). “O poder das parcerias e o papel da coreografia em ecossistemas” [Vídeo]. Youtube. https://youtu.be/P7b0eKFX9l8
Projetos | Pacto Alegre. (n.d). Página inicial - Pacto Alegre. https://pactoalegre.poa.br/projetos
Ranking de Competitividade dos Estados. (2024). Ranking de Competitividade dos Estados. https://www.rankingdecompetitividade.org.br/sul/rs/ranking-geral/nota-do-pilar?year=2024
Reuschl, A.J., Deist, M.K. & Maalaoui, A. (2022). Digital transformation during a pandemic: Stretching the organizational elasticity. Journal of Business Research, 144, pp.1320-1332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.01.088
Roundy, P.T., Bradshaw, M. & Brockman, B.K. (2018). The emergence of entrepreneurial ecosystems: A complex adaptive systems approach. Journal of Business Research, 86, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.032
Saarikko, T., Westergren, U.H. & Blomquist, T. (2020). Digital transformation: Five recommendations for the digitally conscious firm. Business Horizons, 63(6), 825-839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.07.005
Santos, D. A. G., Zen, A. & Bittencourt, B.A. (2021). From governance to choreography: coordination of innovation ecosystems. Innovation & Management Review, 19(1), 26-38. https://doi.org/10.1108/INMR-08-2020-0117
Santos, C. A. F., & Zen, A. C. (2022). Value creation and capture in innovation ecosystems. International Journal of Innovation - IJI, São Paulo, 10(Special issue), 483-503. https://doi.org/10.5585/iji.v10i3.21470
Scaringella, L. & Radziwon, A. (2018). Innovation, entrepreneurial, knowledge, and business ecosystems: Old wine in new bottles?, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 136, 59-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.09.023
Siachou, E., Vrontis, D., & Trichina, E. (2021). Can traditional organizations be digitally transformed by themselves? The moderating role of absorptive capacity and strategic interdependence. Journal of Business Research, 124, 408-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.11.011
Silva, L. H. A., Júnior, J. L. A., & de Oliveira Winckler, J. (2023). Criando e Inovando no 4º Distrito: contribuição das subjetividades empreendedoras em Porto Alegre. In Soares, M. L. (Org.). Teias Urbanas: Estratégias de Sobrevivência, Transformação e Inovação. Campina Grande: Editora Licuri, 57-83.
Skare, M., de Obesso, M. D. L. M., & Ribeiro-Navarrete, S. (2023). Digital transformation and European small and medium enterprises (SMEs): A comparative study using digital economy and society index data. International Journal of Information Management, 68, 102594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102594
Sorri, K., Yrjönkoski, K., & Seppänen, M. (2024). Smart cities, smarter values: Unpacking the ecosystem of urban innovation. Technology in Society, 77, 102499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102499
Stjepić, A. M., Ivančić, L., & Vugec, D. S. (2020). Mastering digital transformation through business process management: Investigating alignments, goals, orchestration, and roles. Journal of entrepreneurship, management and innovation, 16(1), 41-74. https://doi.org/10.7341/20201612
Suominen, A., Seppänen, M., & Dedehayir, O. (2019). A bibliometric review on innovation systems and ecosystems: a research agenda. European Journal of Innovation Management. 22(2), 335-360. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-12-2017-0188
Thomas, E., Faccin, K., & Asheim, B. T. (2021). Universities as orchestrators of the development of regional innovation ecosystems in emerging economies. Growth and change, 52(2), 770-789. https://doi.org/10.1111/grow.12442
Valkokari, K., Hemilä, J., & Kääriäinen, J. (2022). Digital transformation- Cocreating a platform-based business within an innovation ecosystem. International Journal of Innovation Management, 26(03), 2240016. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919622400163
Verhoef, P. C., Broekhuizen, T., Bart, Y., Bhattacharya, A., Dong, J. Q., Fabian, N., & Haenlein, M. (2021). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 122, 889-901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.022
Xiong, D., Khaddage-Soboh, N., Umar, M., Safi, A., & Norena-Chavez, D. (2024). Redefining entrepreneurship in the digital age: exploring the impact of technology and collaboration on ventures. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-024-00996-0
Yang, W., Liu, J., Li, L., Zhou, Q., & Ji, L. (2021). How could policies facilitate digital transformation of innovation ecosystem: A multiagent model. Complexity, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8835067
Zahra, S. A., Liu, W., & Si, S. (2023). How digital technology promotes entrepreneurship in ecosystems. Technovation, 119, 102457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2022.102457
Zen, A. C., Santos, C. A. F. D., Santos, D. A. G. D., da Rosa, J. R., & Spindler, E. D. S. (2024). Exploring the theoretical foundations of innovation ecosystems between 2006 and 2020: an analysis at the different approaches. International Journal of Innovation Science. 16(3), 550-571. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-11-2022-0223
Zhang, J., & Chen, Z. (2024). Exploring human resource management digital transformation in the digital age. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 15(1), 1482-1498. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01214-y
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Leonardo Caliari, Camila Coletto, Roberto dos Santos Donato, Fernanda Maciel Reichert, Daniela Callegaro de Menezes
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
