Comparando la eficiencia de la tecnología y la innovación de la UE y países seleccionados: los efectos de los Programas Marco de la UE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5585/2023.23741Palabras clave:
Tecnología e innovación, destrucción creativa, eficiencia, DEA, Unión Europea, Programa MarcoResumen
Objetivo del estudio: Este estudio tiene dos propósitos. El primero es determinar el impacto relativo de los programas marco de la UE (de la Estrategia de Lisboa a Horizonte 2020) en el nivel de eficiencia tecnológica, comparándolos con países seleccionados miembros y no miembros de la UE. Este artículo también busca comparar la eficiencia tecnológica de los países miembros de la UE por separado y como unión. El segundo propósito es evaluar los puntajes de eficiencia tecnológica y las tasas de crecimiento económico de la UE y los países seleccionados.
Originalidad/Relevancia: Se comparó la eficiencia relativa de la tecnología y la innovación de la UE con otros países seleccionados para los años 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 y 2018 y se evaluó. En estudios anteriores, no encontramos un estudio que evaluara el impacto a largo plazo de los programas marco de la Unión Europea y su eficiencia en la innovación.
Metodología/enfoque: Para medir la eficiencia, se utilizó el método DEA con dos inputs y cuatro outputs que representan la tecnología y las innovaciones.
Principais resultados: La evidencia muestra que la eficiencia de la tecnología y la innovación de la UE fue bastante baja en 2000, y ha mostrado una tendencia creciente a lo largo de los años y alcanzó plena eficiencia en 2015 y 2018. Los análisis realizados por separado para los 26 países de la UE muestran que los puntajes de eficiencia son relativamente bajos entre los países de la UE. Esto revela que la UE proporciona una plataforma sólida para la colaboración en I+D para la destrucción creativa.
Aportes: La UE debe seguir diseñando redes de cooperación y programas marco para apoyar patrones de crecimiento económico estables y objetivos de crecimiento a largo plazo basados en la tecnología, teniendo en cuenta las características distintivas de su sistema económico.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Gökçe MANAVGAT, Ayhan DEMİRCİ
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