Influência da incubadora de TIC nas inovações e atividades empreendedoras dos graduados

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5585/2025.26939

Palavras-chave:

incubadora de TIC, incubação de negócios, inovação, empreendedorismo, start-up, Tanzânia

Resumo

Objetivo: O presente estudo investiga o impacto da incubadora de TIC na ampliação das inovações e atividades empreendedoras dos graduados na Tanzânia.

Desenho e métodos: Foi utilizado um delineamento descritivo com ênfase em abordagem qualitativa. Para a coleta de dados, recorreu-se a um método misto que integrou entrevistas presenciais e discussões em grupo focal com funcionários da incubadora e estudantes incubados. Os dados primários coletados foram submetidos à análise temática

Principais resultados: O estudo revela que a incubadora contribui significativamente para o desenvolvimento de novas start-ups e para o crescimento das já existentes. No entanto, nem todas as novas start-ups sobrevivem após o período de incubação. Desafios como capital, concorrência de mercado e quadros legais e regulatórios desfavoráveis parecem restringir as inovações e os empreendimentos dos graduados.

Contribuição teórica: Espera-se que os achados do estudo esclareçam o governo e os atores não governamentais do setor de inovação e empreendedorismo, bem como formuladores de políticas, sobre a importância das incubadoras de TIC na promoção da inovação digital e do empreendedorismo.

Contribuição prática: O estudo recomenda a revisão dos quadros legais desfavoráveis, a criação de um ambiente favorável aos negócios e a provisão de capital inicial para ampliar inovações e empreendimentos empreendedores.

Downloads

Biografia do Autor

Kwame Ibwe, University of Dar es Salaam - UDSM, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Dr. Kwame Ibwe é Professor Sénior no Departamento de Engenharia Eletrónica e de Telecomunicações, no Colégio de Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (CoICT), da Universidade de Dar es Salaam. O Dr. Ibwe publicou mais de 30 artigos em revistas nacionais e internacionais com revisão por pares, bem como em atas de conferências. As suas principais áreas de investigação incluem eletrónica aplicada, sistemas embarcados, tecnologias futuras de comunicação móvel, inovação e empreendedorismo, processamento de sinais para comunicações sem fio, sistemas de energia inteligente, energias renováveis e metodologias de ensino avançadas para estudantes de engenharia. O Dr. Ibwe também publicou dois resumos de políticas sobre a facilitação da integração de fontes renováveis na rede elétrica principal. Atualmente, é o investigador principal de um projeto sobre redes elétricas inteligentes e de um projeto sobre produtos de saúde reprodutiva inteligentes para jovens. Leciona cursos de graduação, pós-graduação e orientação de pesquisa na Universidade de Dar es Salaam. https://www.linkedin.com/in/kwame-ibwe-b5800826/ 

Kelefa Mwantimwa, University of Dar es Salaam - UDSM, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Prof. Kelefa Mwantimwa é Professor Associado na Unidade de Estudos de Informação da Universidade de Dar es Salaam. Possui um Mestrado em Estudos de Informação pela mesma universidade e obteve o seu doutoramento em Ciência da Informação pela Universidade de Antuérpia, na Bélgica. Com mais de doze anos de experiência em pesquisa, Kelefa é um académico multidisciplinar cujos interesses acadêmicos e profissionais abrangem os campos da informação, conhecimento, arquivos e sistemas de inovação. O seu trabalho acadêmico contribui de forma significativa para a compreensão e o avanço dos sistemas de informação, arquivos, inovação e conhecimento tanto em contextos acadêmicos quanto na formulação de políticas. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kelefa-Mwantimwa?ev=hdr_xprf

Referências

Allahar, H., & Brathwaite, C. (2016). Business incubation as an instrument of innovation: the experience of South America and the Caribbean. International Journal of Innovation, 4(2), 71-85.

Al-Qaed, A.A. (2014). ICT business incubators as a strategic choice for jobs creation. ITU Arab Regional Development Forum. https://studylib.net/doc/12956467/business-incubators-as-a-strategic- choice-for-jobs-creation

Barcellos, E. E. I., Junior, G. B., & Ramirez, C. M. S. (2016). The creative economy on the environmental of the technological parks and incubators. International Journal of Innovation, 4(2), 140-154.

Bienz, T., Schül, A., & Werthmüller, S. (2018). Impact potential of incubators for employment and income creation. impact potential of incubators for employment and income creation: an analysis of the potential of incubators as a part of the development strategy of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation in the SENAP region with a special focus on Tunisia, Tanzania, Zambia and the Occupied Palestinian Territory. https://www.msdconsult.ch/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Impact-Potential-of-incubators.pdf

Caulfield, J. (2022). How to do thematic analysis: step-by-step guide and examples. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/thematic-analysis/

Chao, E. (2020). Role of incubation centres in supporting youth employment: An assessment of selected cases in Tanzania. In Enterprising Africa (pp. 222-236). Routledge.

Cooper, S. (2006). Knowledge and expertise for high-technology entrepreneurship: a tale of two sectors. International Journal of Knowledge Management Studies 1 (1/2), 59-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJKMS.2006.008845

Cooper, S. Y., & Park, J. S. (2008). The impact of incubator'organizations on opportunity recognition and technology innovation in new, entrepreneurial high-technology ventures. International Small Business Journal, 26(1), 27-56.

Cunningham, P. M., Cunningham, M., Ekenberg, L., 2014. Baseline analysis of 3 innovation ecosystems in East Africa. In 2014 14th International Conference on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions (ICTer) (pp. 156-162). IEEE.

Cunningham, P.M., Cunningham, M., Ekenberg, L., 2014. Baseline analysis of 3 innovation Ecosystems in East Africa. A paper presented at International Conference on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions (ICTer), held in Colombo, Sri Lanka from 10th to 12th December 2014.

Dhewanto, W., Lantu, D.C., Herliana, S., & Anggadwita, G. (2015). The innovation cluster of ICT start-up companies in developing countries: case of Bandung, Indonesia. International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital 12 (1), 32–46.

FasteCapital (2023). The history of startup incubation. https://fastercapital.com/content/The-history-of- startup-incubation.html

Hernández, R., & Carrà, G. (2016). A conceptual approach for business incubator interdependencies and sustainable development. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 8, 718-724.

Ilomo, M., & Mwantimwa, K. (2023). Entrepreneurial Intentions of Undergraduate Students: The Moderating Role of Entrepreneurial Knowledge. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge, 11(1), 14-34.

infoDev. (2014). Paving the Way for ICT Growth through Business Incubation in Tanzania. an outcome assessment of infoDev-supported Dar Teknohama Business Incubator in Tanzania. The World Bank. http://www.infodev.org/mobile/mLaboutcomes

Khalid, F. B. A., Jabar, J., Kayani, A. A., Gilbert,D. 2017. Business Incubation Performance in the Malaysian ICT Sector. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 4(17) 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.417.3540

Khorsheed, M. S., Alhargan, A., Qasim, S. M., 2012. A three-tier service model for national ICT incubator in Saudi Arabia. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Management and Service Science (pp. 1-6).

Kibona, D. (2018). The role of business incubators in the informal and semi-formal financing of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises: The Case of Incubated Enterprises in Tanzania. Doctoral Dissertation, Mzumbe University. http://hdl.handle.net/11192.1/2566

Kinoti, M., A. & Struwig, M. (2016). Business incubation and business development process in Kenya: challenges and recommendations. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, 1(1), 1-17. http://dlibrary.ru.local:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/606

Knopp, L. (2007). State of the Business Incubation Industry. Ohio: NBIA Publications, Athens. Konyango, H., 2021. The role of incubators in promoting youth entrepreneurship in Kenya. Research Paper submitted to the University of Ottawa in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master of Arts in International Development and Globalization.

Laskar, S.K., & Waheed, K. (2016). Substantive Incubation for growth and its ICT impact on MSME's. International Journal of Business and Management, 4 (4), 53-77.

Lesáková, L. (2012). The role of business incubators in supporting the SME start-up. Acta Polytechnica Hungarica 9 (3)

Machuve, J., Mjema, E. A., & Temu, A. (2018). Towards effective and sustainable business and technology incubation models: case of Tanzania. Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology(JMEST)5(10),8870-8875. http://dspace.cbe.ac.tz:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/118

Matotola, S., & Bengesi, K. A. (2019). Motivation as a potential gear towards business establishment by young entrepreneurs incubated in higher learning institutions business incubators in Tanzania. Journal of Business Studies and Economics (JBSE), 1(1), 155-173. https://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/2756

Maziku, H., Cosmas, J., Maki, N., Kimaro, H., & Otine, C. (2019). The role of human centered design (hcd) and challenge driven education in enhancing the innovation capacity of Africa’s young people: case of youth for children (Y4C) innovation hub in Tanzania. In International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries (pp. 361-373). Springer, Cham.

Mian, S., Lamine, W., & Fayolle, A. (2016). Technology business incubation: An overview of the state of knowledge. Technovation, 50, 1-12.

Muathe, S., & Otieno, V. (2022). Startup incubation and accelerators in Africa; are start-ups scaling up in Kenya? American International Journal of Social Science Research 11(1), 23-28.

Mutunga, P.M., Were, S., & Ogada, K. (2018). Challenges affecting innovation in technology incubation hubs in Kenya. European Journal of Business and Strategic Management, 3(4): 15-23.

Mwandosya, G., Apiola, M., & Lähde, K. (2016). Building the innovation ecosystem in Tanzania: four viewpoints to technology business incubation. In 2016 International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation/IEEE lnternational Technology Management Conference (ICE/ITMC) (pp. 1-9). IEEE.

Mwantimwa, K. (2019). Higher institution education and entrepreneurial knowledge acquisition of graduates in Tanzania. Current Politics and Economics of Africa, 12(2/3), 209–229.

Mwantimwa, K. (2019). ICT usage to enhance firms’ business processes in Tanzania. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(46), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-019-0170-6

Mwantimwa, K., Ilomo, M., Mwabungulu, E., Mbilinyi, D., Possi, M., & Matonya, M. (2022). Graduate’ future intention to venture entrepreneurial activities: the foreseen personal, sectoral and macro barriers. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40497-022-00319-z

Mwantimwa, K., Ndege, N., Atela, J., & Hall, A. (2021). Scaling innovation hubs: impact on knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems in Tanzania. Journal of Innovation Management 9(2), 39–63.

Nunberger, I. (2017). Business incubation and start-ups in the ICT sector. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=enandas_sdt=0%2C5andq=Business+incubation+and+sta rt-ups+in+the+ICT+sectorandbtnG=

Pereira, R. M., Marques, H. R., & Gava, R. (2019). Innovation ecosystems of brazilian federal universities: a mapping of technological innovation centers, incubators of technology-based companies and technological parks. International Journal of Innovation, 7(3), 341-358.

Rustam, L. (2006). Technology business incubation: a toolkit on innovation in engineering, science and technology. UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000143008

Schumpeter, J. A. (2017). Essays: On Eentrepreneurs, Innovations, Business Cycles and the Evolution of Capitalism. Routledge.

Sedita, S. R., Apa, R., Bassetti, T., Grandinetti, R. (2019). Incubation matters: Measuring the effect of business incubators on the innovation performance of start‐ups. R and D Management, 49(4), 439-454.

Shayo, E., Mwase, C., Rwegasira, D., & Kissaka, M. (2017). Assessment of innovation practices at higher learning institution incubators in Tanzania. ICERI2017 Proceedings, 7912-7918. https://library.iated.org/view/SHAYO2017ASS

Silva, A. Q., & Da Cunha, J. C. D. C. (2018). Are technology business incubators fulfilling their objectives? A study of the Tbi's performance located in Brazil. International Journal of Innovation, 6(3), 298-313.

Stefanović, M., Devedžić, G., & Eric, M. (2008). Incubators in developing countries: development perspectives. In 2nd International Quality Conference (pp. 12-15).

World Bank. (2014). Paving the way for ICT growth through business incubation in Tanzania: an outcome assessment of infoDev-Supported Dar Teknohama Business Incubator in Tanzania. A Report.

Publicado

16.04.2025

Como Citar

Ibwe, K., & Mwantimwa, K. (2025). Influência da incubadora de TIC nas inovações e atividades empreendedoras dos graduados. International Journal of Innovation – IJI, 13(1), e26939. https://doi.org/10.5585/2025.26939

Edição

Seção

Artigos
Visualizações
  • Resumo 263
  • pdf (English) 75
  • pdf 23