Perspectiva das neurociências para otimizar a aprendizagem e o método de aprendizagem Feynman

Felipe Viegas Rodrigues

doi:10.5585/46.2023.25442

Autores/as

Felipe Viegas Rodrigues Unoeste https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1073-867X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5585/46.2023.25442

Palabras clave:

autoaprendizagem como assunto, guia de estudo, memória, função executiva

Resumen

As metodologias ativas são um recurso didático excelente ao estudante. No entanto, técnicas de estudo eficazes fora de sala de aula continuam pouco utilizadas. O objetivo do presente trabalho é trazer a perspectiva das neurociências para otimizar a aprendizagem. Um dado fundamental é que as memórias naturalmente tendem ao esquecimento, exceto quando há repetição explícita no contato com o material de estudo. Prestar atenção de forma singular, sem qualquer multitarefa, também é crucial para otimizar a formação de traços de memória duradouros. Além disso, estratégias efetivas de estudo devem engajar funções executivas para promover manipulação ativa e associação de informações. Por fim, a aprendizagem por meio do ensino é uma estratégia com potencial para promover suficientemente repetição e reflexão sobre os conteúdos. Em especial o método de aprendizagem Feynman é uma estratégia robusta e apoiada em extenso processo reflexivo da informação, que deve ser sistematicamente testada por pesquisas futuras.

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Citas

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